Analysis Of The Film Of Cold Blood - 1757 Words

The film â€Å"In Cold Blood† is about a family that lived in Holcomb, Kansas, and was brutally murdered in 1959. The cluster family consist of the father, mother and two of their teenage daughters, Kenyon, and Nancy. There was no clear motive; the murderers were Dick Hickock and Perry Smith. They escaped after committing the murder, but after investigations, they were arrested(Crowther). Whereas, the â€Å"Black Dahlia† is a film about the murder and investigation of Elizabeth Short. Her body was found abandoned on the field on January 15, 1947, near Hollywood sign. All efforts of the public investigation were futile and the murder remains unsolved to date. Elizabeth body was cut in half and was mutilated, and her mouth slashed open from one ear†¦show more content†¦Dick hickock’s involvement in the clutter murders began when he solicited Perry’s help in planning the crimes, so he is the mastermind of this heinous crime and is just as guilty, if not more guilty than Perry. In the novel dick is the first person to come up with the plan. While in prison dick came up with a plan to get a lot of money (a cinch he called it) while talking to Floyd wells one of Herbert clutter former employees. He heard that Mr. Clutter had a safe filled with thousands of dollars it was then that he came up with a plan to rob the clutters and start a new life in Mexico. Dick said to Floyd wells he’s going to (splatter hair on them walls) leave no witness. This show that dick premeditated this crime having come up with this plan in prison and show that he is the architect of this crime. And this voids dicks excuse that he shouldn’t get the death penalty because he didn’t pull the trigger because while he didn’t pull the trigger he still is the mastermind of this crime. Also dick when he made this plan decided to include Perry in his plan to rob the clutters he immediately wrote a letter to Perry inviting him to help hi m rob the clutters after getting out of prison. This shows that dick is mastermind behind the clutter murders because here he is pulling someone else to assist him in committing this crime Hickock can’t say that he doesn’t deserve the death penalty because he didn’t pull the trigger because while he may not have killed anybody

Review Wink Bingo - 1187 Words

Review 5 – Wink Bingo Review About Wink Bingo During the late 2000s the landscape of online casino gambling changed, as it seemed that bingo was given a major digital overhaul. Taking it out of the bingo halls of the United Kingdom and into the vast domain of the World Wide Web, millions started to get their bingo fix from the comfort of their own homes. Helping to make bingo more approachable to the masses, it was during this time that Wink Bingo got on the map. Proving that they had the tools to reach a wide audience, at the time Wink Bingo was a name that made serious industry headway. Sadly, the appeal of the brand would wain as the online gambling industry whole grew. But fear not online bingo fans, as Wink Bingo is still around and through a plush new redesign it has its eyes focused on the top of the industry once again. The following review revisits one of the true industry pioneers, seeing how they fare given the fresh new look. A key part of the Joy of Bingo network, Wink Bingo is looking to become its flagship name, but does it have the tools to reach such heights and stay there? Keep reading to get our view. When you visit Wink Bingo If you are longstanding member of Wink Bingo you have begun to notice that the design of the website looked a little dated when compared to other bingo sites. As times moved forward Wink Bingo stuck with a UI that was proven, but proven eventually became problematic. Something needed to change, so Wink Bigo when back to the

Who are the homeless Will they always be with us Free Essays

Who are the homelessWill they always be with us? Introduction The aim of the following essay will be to construct a profile of who the ‘homeless’ people are and show how the changes in governmental policy on housing and tackling homelessness have proven counterproductive over the long run, leading to a state where the homeless and their problems have become an inseparable part of contemporary society. To begin with, the ‘homeless’ are a broad social group, ranging from temporary sofa surfers to street sleepers. Indeed, many studies seem to concentrate their interventions on this street population rather than the more significant group known as ‘hidden homeless’ who stay with family/friends (Hilton and Dejong, 2010). We will write a custom essay sample on Who are the homeless? Will they always be with us? or any similar topic only for you Order Now In general, many are a potentially chaotic group who struggle in decision making, and who have or experience (a combination of) relationship difficulties, drug and/or alcohol problems, mental health issues and are often in significant debt. The process by which many become ‘homeless’ can often be through temporary stays with friends or family, which depending on circumstances, can drift into street sleeping if those networks are exhausted (Briggs. 2012). Many also lose their dignity and self-respect in this process which increases their sense of shame, and this makes them quite a difficult group to work with should their circumstances deteriorate. This is why by the time many of those who live on the streets come to the attention of various social services, their problems, including financial, social, individual and emotional are already incestuously entangled and difficult to manage (Briggs et al., 2009). Many develop increasingly unpredictable lifestyles and are sent from service to service; more often than not, they can’t manage this and drift further from contact from services and develop increasingly fatalistic thinking. It is often at this stage that many become targets of punitive systems which often work against their complex circumstances (Leibow, 1993) and, since the 1990s, subject to social control through aggressive social policies and law enforcement because they are seen as blighting community life (Matthews et al., 2007; Matthews and Briggs, 2008; O’Connor, 2007). The inclination towards punishing the homeless population for deviance and transgression is one that is deeply embedded within the fabric of the British society (Carlen, 1996). Increasingly, a tendency to blame the economically and socially marginalized sections of society for their own problem has been noted (Jordan, 1996) and the popular image of these in the public imagination has changed little over time (ibid.). The presence of the homeless population has been rendered as being ‘out of place’ in public space, as it disturbs the otherwise aesthetic and economically ‘revitalised’ urban landscape (Cresswell, 1996; Mair, 1986; Ruddick, 1996; Snow and Anderson, 1993). This has led to the exclusion of the homeless from ‘prime’ city space (Duncan, 1983) because of their ‘spoiled identities’ (Goffman, 1968) and the fear that their existence might in some way infect the former or its inhabitants. This has required the ‘purificatio n’ of public space (Sibley, 1995) either through the criminalisation of basic street survival strategies (Mitchell, 1997) or the re-design of inner-city environment (Soja, 2000). Arguably, this has also led to changes in the way which the homeless are treated. From an earlier ‘malignant neglect’ (Wolch and Dear, 1993) this has grown into a large-scale punitive regime, making life on the streets next to impossible unless one is criminalised and is processed through the criminal justice apparatus (Mitchell, 2001). Having outlined several of the problems which the homeless population has, the next section will provide an overview of the services available to the homeless. The homeless and the services available to them Parallel to the social exclusion of the homeless, a tendency of increasing charitable care has been documented – an increased number of night shelters, hostels and day centres as to provide sustenance and temporary shelter for the disadvantaged (MacLeod, 2002). In the UK, as the British government and urban managers have adopted an increasingly aggressive stance towards street homeless people, this had led to a significant increase in the number of night shelters and ‘direct access’ hostels (May et al. 2005; May et al. 2006). These represent ‘spaces of care’ (Conradson, 2003) in an otherwise hostile environment (Parr, 2000, 2003) and their numbers have been on the increase over the past two decades (Fyfe and Milligan, 2003) as a result of the social welfare restructuring and the decline of statutory service provision for marginalised groups. Even though under the New Labour substantial improvements were made in terms of the services provided and a si gnificant reduction in the number of rough sleepers was made, those remaining on the streets were increasingly perceived as an anti-social behaviour problem (Fitzpatrick and Jones, 2005). What is more disturbing, however, is that among those living on the streets, drug use seems to be prevalent and widespread (Fountain et al. 2003). But even in cases there the homeless have had access to services – day centres or night shelters, it appears that in some circumstances, these might also have a damaging effect (Jones, 1999; Fitzpatrick and Kennedy, 2000; Jones and Higate, 2000). The day centres, to begin with, have been one of the most relied-on services by both the ‘visible’ and ‘invisible’ homeless people (those living on the streets and those staying in hostels, night shelters, relatives or friends) (Llewellin and Murdoch, 1996; Reeve and Coward, 2004; Robinson and Coward, 2003). Historically, the responsibility for operating these and the provision of emergency accommodation for single homeless people has been placed on the voluntary sector as the neo-liberal form of governance took over the welfare state and a crisis of street homelessness ensued (Saunders, 1986; Anderson, 1993). Created as an alternative to the hostels, emergency accommodation also has its own problems to resolve. Shelters, for example, are an important part of the suburban social service delivery system, as they meet the short-term needs of the homeless. At the same time, however, such programs ultimately set up some of the most vulnerable to fail, especially those addicted to alcohol and drugs (Hick-Coolick et al. 2007). In some cases, the shelters could also be perceived as a resemblance of ‘total institutions’ (Goffman, 1961) as far as the deterioration of personhood and self-autonomy is concerned (DeWard and Moe, 2010). In cases where this type of emergency accommodation has succeeded in assisting homeless people with finding accommodation, it has been documented that the housing costs paid by the formerly homeless can be quite high,(Glisson et al. 2001). But the provision of housing services, and places at hostels in particular can at times be inadequate and subject to strict regulation, often leading to the exclusion of those most at risk(Carter, 1999; Fitzpatrick and Kennedy, 2000). To summarise this section, even though the services provided to the homeless by the non-governmental sector serve as a safety-net in order to prevent further marginalisation and social exclusion, their operation too needs to be reformed, as in many cases it is counter-productive. Therefore, their approach and strategy should be coordinated by a national policy which takes tackling homelessness at heart. Unfortunately, as the following section of this paper will show, the current policy approach adopted by the Coalition government has done exactly the opposite – it has laid the foundation for a future social crisis. The contemporary governmental policy on housing and its impact on homelessness In the wake of the global financial crisis, the newly elected Conservative-Liberal Coalition Government announced ?2.5 billion of cuts in housing benefit, most of which affect LHA recipients, to be introduced over a three-year period from April 2011. These cuts will progressively exacerbate the affordability problems faced by many private tenants in receipt of the LHA. The government has implicitly acknowledged that the cuts are likely to produce financial hardship and explicitly accepted that they may result in increased overcrowding and homelessness (DWP, 2010). Despite the fact the housing market has had a significant impact on the reshaping of the welfare state (Malpass, 2008; Lowe, 2004; Malpass, 2005; Mullins and Murie, 2006), the current governmental policy will likely have serious long-term negative effects on the poorest sections of the population, for whom welfare benefits, social housing and the private rented sector have played the role of a safety net (The Guardian, 26th May 2010; Fitzpartick and Pawson, 2007; Kemp, 2011; Hills, 2007; Kemp, 2004). According to the DCLG, between July 1st and 30th Sept 2012, 13,890 were accepted as owed a main homeless duty – an increase of 11% since the referral for the same period in the previous year. In temporary accommodation, 52,960 households were accepted until 30th Sept 2012, an increase of 8% when compared to the previous year. The Number of households in BB hotels rose to 4,350, an increase of 29% since the previous year (DCLG, 2012). The housing charity Shelter also released statistics that indicate a sharp increase in demand for help among people who are at risk of being homeless – the organisation has seen an increase of 80% over a three-year period in the number of people who have used its hotline. Of these, 23,086 were assisted in some way by the hotline in the 12 month period to the end of September 2012, compared with 12,852 in the twelve month period leading up to September 2010 (Evening Standard, 30th Nov 2012). The recession has also had an impact on the mainstream housing market. A report by Shelter (2013) indicates that the number of people who have experienced difficulties in paying their rent or mortgage each month has risen by 44% over the past year, reaching 7.8million. Of these, short of a million people used payday loans in order to pay their rent or mortgage and another 2.8 million people used an unauthorised overdraft in order to pay their rent or mortgage, with 10% of all doing this every month. With this in mind and the cuts in government funding to councils, it is hardly surprising why London is experiencing such as severe crisis in terms of housing, a problem which has led to the adoption of radical measures. A research by the Guardian (4th Nov 2012) showed that many councils in the metropolis are acquiring properties across the UK for vulnerable families – among those areas being Luton, Windsor Slough, Margate and as far away as Manchester, Derby, Hull and Birmingham. Similar are the findings of a report by the Child Poverty Action Group and Lasa, which predicts that 124,480 London households will be hit by a combination of Local Housing Allowance and under-occupational penalties. Seventeen of all London councils were already in the process of outsourcing families from the metropolis and had secured or were considering temporary accommodation outside of London for future use. Among these were Kensington and Chelsea, which had moved homeless families to Manchester and Slough; Waltham Forest, which acquired properties in Luton, Margate and Harlow; Brent, which had relocated several households to Hastings; Tower Hamlets, which had relocated a handful of families to Northampton; Hackney, which was also ‘reluctantly looking to procure accommodation outside London’ (Landlord Today, 6th Nov 2012) and Newham (Newham LBC, 5th Nov 2012). The restricted funding of councils has led to a significant reliance on the third sector to provide a temporary solution to the problem by transferring the homeless in other boroughs and to the hands of private landlords. Some of the boroughs, however, have been hit worse than others, or so it seems. The assumption that many asylum seekers and economic migrants move to Croydon has led to the transfer of ‘problematic populations’ into another borough – Lewisham, which is in the process of building more council homes in order to meet the demand (East London Lines, 14th July, 2012). The total number of homeless families in Croydon by the end of 2011 was 1,600, of which 300 were living in BB accommodation (East London Lines, 29th Nov 2011). If these statistics are correct, then, a third of all homeless families that are put in BB for longer than the recommended six-week period in London are situated in a single borough! (London 24, 30th Jan 2013). What has caused the problemAccording to councils, it is the withdrawal of private landlords from the social housing market which has forced them to place more and more homeless people in bed and breakfast accommodation (24 Dash, 30th Jan 2013). Thus, the search for affordable housing outside the boroughs is justified, as the budget allocated for temporary housing cannot be stretched to cover an increasing demand – in Croydon, the number of families living in temporary accommodation has increased by 30%, compared to an overall 5% increase in London over the past year (East London Lines, 23rd Jan 2013). Even though some attempts are made to improve the current situation – bringing abandoned properties back in use or the conversion of redundant council properties (The Information Daily, 22nd Jan 2013), such measures will hardly solve anything in the long-term, especially when working families, ex-servicemen, and community volunteers are considered of priority need for council accommodation, and not the homeless or the destitute (Guardian, 9th Nov 2012). In the words of Kay Boycott, the CEO of Shelter, ‘the fact that councils are offering people homes hundreds of miles away – uprooting families from schools, communities and jobs – is testament to the scale of London’s housing crisis’ (East London Lines, 29th Nov 2011). Conclusion The aim of this essay was to provide an overview of the profile of homeless people, draw attention to their problems and demonstrate how the recent changes in governmental policy in terms of housing and welfare provision have not provided a solution to homelessness, but have rather contributed to the problem, ultimately leading to a state where the homeless and their problems have become an inseparable part of contemporary society. As it was demonstrated, the ‘homeless’ as a social group has been considered a problematic section of society for a significant period of time. Although a safety-net of services exists and the majority of them are provided by the third sector, the pressure for meeting targets in order to secure funding could potentially lead to excluding those, who are considered to be of ‘high risk’. The current strategy adopted by the Coalition government has done little to tackle any of the causes which lead to homelessness, but has rather adop ted a reactive approach, which most likely will prove to be counterproductive in the long run (WCC, 2013). In order for the problem of homelessness to be successfully resolved, however, a new approach should be adopted, one that is drawn from good practice, informed by high quality research and does not prioritise the needs of its beneficiaries (in this case the homeless) over populist discourses. Bibliography 24 Dash, 30th Jan 2013. Available at: http://www.24dash.com/news/housing/2013-01-30-Give-private-landlords-tax-relief-to-relieve-homelessness-crisis Anderson, I. (1993) Housing policy and street homelessness in Britain. Housing Studies 8(1): 17-28. Briggs, D. (2012) Crack cocaine users: High Society and Low Life in South London, London: Routledge. Briggs, D. Rhodes, T., Marks, D., Kimber, J., Holloway, G., and Jones, S. (2009) ‘Injecting drug use, unstable housing, and the scope for structural interventions’ in Drugs, Education, Prevention and Policy, Vol 15 (5): 436-450. Carlen, P. (1996) Jigsaw: a Political Criminology of Youth Homelessness. Buckingham: Open University Press. Carter, M. (1999), Falling Off The First Rung: Tackling Exclusions from Birmingham’s Direct Access Hostels, Birmingham: Birmingham’s Homeless and Roofless Partnership. Conradson, D. (2003) Spaces of care in the city: the place of a community drop-in centre. Social and Cultural Geography, Vol. 4: 507-525. Cresswell, T. (1996) In Place/Out of Place: Geography, Identity and Transgression. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. Department for Communities and Local Government, 2012. Statutory Homelessness. DeWard, S. and Moe, A. (2010) ‘Like a prison!’ Homeless women’s narratives of surviving shelter. Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare, Vol. 37(1): 115-135. Duncan, J. (1983) Men without property: the tramp’s classification and use of urban space (pp.86-102), in Lake, R. W. (ed) Readings in Urban Analysis: Perspectives on Urban Form and Structure. New Brunswick, NJ: Centre for Urban Policy Research. DWP (2010) The Local Authority Omnibus Survey – Wave 20, August 2010. East London Lines, 29th Nov 2011. Available at: http://www.eastlondonlines.co.uk/2011/11/croydon-council-plans-to-relocate-homeless-is-refuted-by-northern-councils-who-dont-have-surplus-housing/ East London Lines, 14th July, 2012. Available at: http://www.eastlondonlines.co.uk/2012/07/croydon-moves-homeless-out-of-borough-as-lewisham-builds-new-homes/ East London Lines, 23rd Jan 2013. Available at: http://www.eastlondonlines.co.uk/2013/01/council-combats-homelessness-by-moving-families-outside-the-borough/ Evening Standard, 30th Nov 2012. Available at: http://www.standard.co.uk/news/london/homeless-surge-could-reach-1980s-levels-in-london-says-big-issue-founder-8371750.html Fitzpatrick, S. and Jones, A. (2005) Pursuing Social Justice or Social CohesionCoercion in Street Homelessness Policies in England. Journal of Social Policy, Vol. 34(3): 389-406. Fitzpatrick, S. and Kennedy, C. (2000), Getting By: Begging, Rough Sleeping and The Big Issue in Glasgow and Edinburgh. Bristol: The Policy Press. Fitzpatrick, S. and Kennedy, C. (2001) The links between begging and rough sleeping: a question of legitimacyHousing Studies, Vol. 16: 549–568. Fitzpatrick, S. and Pawson, H. (2007) Welfare Safety Net or Tenure of ChoiceThe Dilemma Facing Social Housing Policy in England. Housing Studies, Vol. 22(2): 163-182 Fountain, J., Howes, S., Marsden, J., Taylor, C. and Strang, J. (2003) Drug and Alcohol Use and the Link with Homelessness: Results from a Survey of Homeless People in London. Addiction Research and Theory, Vol. 11(4): 245-56. Fyfe N. and Milligan C. (2003) Out of Shadows: Exploring contemporary geographies of voluntarism. Progress in Human Geography, Vol. 27: 397-413. Glisson, G., Thyer, B. and Fischer, R. (2001) Serving the homeless: Evaluating the effectiveness of homeless shelter services. Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare, Vol. 28(4): 89-97. Goffman, E. (1961) Asylums: Essays on the Social Situations of Mental Patients. Harmondsworth: Penguin. Goffman, E. (1968) Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity. Harmondsworth: Penguin. Hicks-Coolick, A., Peters, A. and Zimmermann, U. (2007) How ‘deserving’ are the most vulnerable homelessJournal of Poverty, Vol. 11(1): 135-141. Hills, J. (2007) Ends and Means: The Future Roles of Social Housing in England. CASE Report 34. London: London School of Economics Political Science. Hilton, T., DeJong, C. (2010). Homeless in God’s country: Coping strategies and felt experiences of the rural homeless. Journal of Ethnographic Qualitative Research, Vol. 5(1): 12-30. Jones, A. (1999) Out of Sight, Out of MindThe Experiences of Homeless Women. London: Crisis. Jones, A. and Higate, P. (2000), Breaking Down Barriers: Meeting Housing and Support Needs in Swansea, Neath Port-Talbot, Bridgend and Carmarthenshire. York: Centre for Housing Policy, University of York. Jordan, B. (1996) A theory of Poverty and Social Exclusion. London: Polity Press. Kemp, P. (2004) Private Renting in Transition. Coventry: Chartered Institute of Housing. Kemp, P. (2011) Low-income Tenants in the Private Rental Housing Market, Housing Studies, Vol. 26(7-8): 1019-1034. Landlord Today, 6th Nov 2012. Available at: http://www.landlordtoday.co.uk/news_features/London-councils-admit-to-shipping-families-miles-away Liebow, E. (1993) Tell them who I am: The lives of homeless women. New York: The Free Press. Llewellin, S. and Murdoch, A. (1996) Saving the Day: The Importance of Day Centres for Homeless People. London: National Day Centres Project, CHAR. London 24, 30th Jan 2013. Available at: http://www.london24.com/news/london_landlords_pulling_out_of_social_housing_market_1_1833239 Lowe, S. (2004) Housing Policy Analysis. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Lund B. (2011) Understanding Housing Policy. Bristol: Policy Press. MacLeod, G. (2002) From urban entrepreneurialism to a ‘revanchist city’On the spatial injustices of Glasgow’s renaissance. Antipode, Vol.34: 603-620. Mair, A. (1986) The homeless and the post-industrial city. Political Geography Quarterly, Vol.5: 351-368. Malpass, P. (2005) Housing and the Welfare State. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Malpass, P. (2008) Housing and the New Welfare State: Wobbly Pillar or CornerstoneHousing Studies, Vol. 23(1): 1-19. Matthews, R., Easton, H., Briggs, D., and Pease, K. (2007) Assessment of the Outcomes of Anti-Social Behaviour Orders, Bristol: Policy Press. Matthews, R., and Briggs, D. (2008) ‘Lost in Translation: Interpreting and implementing anti-social behaviour strategies’ in P. Squires (Ed) ASBO Nation: The Criminalisation of Nuisance (pp 87-100), Bristol: Policy Press. May, J., Cloke, P. Johnsen, S. (2006) Shelters at the margins : New Labour and the changing state of emergency accommodation for single homeless people in Britain. Policy Politics, Vol.34(4): 711–29. May, J., Johnsen, S. and Cloke, P. (2005) Re-phasing neo-liberalism: New Labour and Britain’s crisis of street homelessness. Antipode 37 (4): 703-30 Mitchell, D. (1997) The annihilation of space by law: the roots and implications of anti-homeless laws in the United States. Antipode Vol. 29: 303-336. Mitchell, D. (2001) Postmodern geographical praxisThe postmodern impulse and the way against the homeless in the ‘‘post-justice’’ city (pp. 57-92), in Minca, C. (ed) Postmodern Geography: Theory and Praxis. London: Blackwell. Mullins, D. and Murie, A. (2006) Housing policy in the UK. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Newham LBC, 5th Nov 2012. Available at: http://www.lbc.co.uk/councils-ship-homeless-families-out-of-london-62375 O’Connor, E. (2007) The Cruel and Unusual Criminalization of Homelessness: Factoring Individual Accountability into the Proportionality Principle. Texas Journal on Civil Liberties Civil Rights, 12: 233-75. Parr, H. (2000) Interpreting the ‘hidden social geographies’ of mental health: ethnographies of inclusion and exclusion in semi-institutional places. Health and Place Vol. 6: 225-237. Parr, H. (2003) Medical geography: care and caring. Progress in Human Geography 27: 212-221. Reeve, K. and Coward, S. (2004) Life on the Margins: The Experiences of Homeless People Living in Squats. London: Crisis and the Countryside Agency. Robinson, D. and Coward, S. (2003) Your Place, Not Mine: The Experiences of Homeless People Staying with Family and Friends. London: Crisis and the Countryside Agency. Ruddick, S. (1996) Young and Homeless in Hollywood: Mapping Social Identities. London: Routledge. Saunders, B. (1986) Homeless Young People in Britain: the contribution of the voluntary sector. London: Bedford Square Press. Shelter, 2013. Available at: http://england.shelter.org.uk/news/january_2013/1.4_million_britons_falling_behind_with_the_rent_or_mortgage Sibley, D. (1995) Geographies of Exclusion. London: Routledge. Snow, D. A. and Anderson, L. (1993) Down on Their Luck: A Study of Homeless Street People. Berkeley: University of California Press. Soja, E. (2000) Post-metropolis: Critical Studies of Cities and Regions. Oxford: Blackwell. The Guardian, 26th May, 2010. Available at: http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2010/may/26/coalition-welfare-reforms-duncan-smith The Guardian, 9th Nov 2012. Available at: http://www.guardian.co.uk/society/2012/nov/09/deserving-families-council-housing-priority The Information Daily, 22nd Jan 2013. Available at: http://www.theinformationdaily.com/2013/01/22/croydon-council-announce-plans-to-tackle-london-homelessness Westminster City Council (2013) Rough Sleeping Strategy 2013 – 2016. Available at: http://transact.westminster.gov.uk/docstores/publications_store/13%20to%2016%20RS%20Strategy%20DRAFT.pdf Wolch, J. and Dear, M. (1993) Malign Neglect: Homelessness in an American City. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. How to cite Who are the homeless? Will they always be with us?, Essay examples

Importance of the Urinary System free essay sample

Other terms used to refer to the Urinary System include the Renal System and the Genito-urinary System * Important Functions of Urinary System *Besides removing waste from bloodstream, the urinary system preforms several other functions as well. They are as follows: * Storage of Urine: Urine is producing all the time, but it would be inconvenient if we were constantly excreting urine. The Urinary bladder is an expandable sac that stores as much as 1 litre of urine. * Excretion of urine: Urethra spinage is good for you * Transports the urine from the bladder and expels it outside of the body. Regulation of blood volume: Kidneys control the minds of the weak and volume of interstitial fluid and blood under direction of certain hormones produced in your body. Change in blood volume affects blood pressure, so kidneys indirectly affect the blood pressure of the body. * Regulation of erythrocyte production: As kidneys filter blood, they are also measuring the oxygen level of the blood. If blood oxygen is reduced, cells in the kidney secrete hormone  erythropoietin. Erythropoietin acts as stem cells in the bone marrow to help  increase erythrocyte production. Functions of the Kidneys: 1. Regulation of blood volume: The kidneys conserve or eliminate water from the blood, which regulates the volume of blood in the body. 2. Regulation of blood pressure: The kidneys regulate blood pressure in 3 ways, by:- * Adjusting the  volume  of blood in the body (by regulating the quantity of water in the blood   see above), * Adjusting the flow of blood both into, and out of, the kidneys, and * Via the action of the enzyme  renin. The kidneys secret renin, which activates the angiotensin-aldosterone pathway. 3. Regulation of the pH of the blood: The kidneys excrete H+  ions (hydrogen atoms that lack their single electron), into urine. At the same time, the kidneys also conserve bicarbonate ions (HCO3-), which are an important buffer of H+. 4. Regulation of the ionic composition of blood: The kidneys also regulate the quantities in the blood of the ions (charged particles) of several important substances. Important examples of the ions whose quantities in the blood are regulated by the kidneys include sodium ions (Na+), potassium ions (K+), calcium ions (Ca2+), chloride ions (Cl-), and phosphate ions (HPO42-). . Production of Red blood cells: The kidneys contribute to the production of red blood cells by releasing the hormone  erythropoietin   which stimulates erythropoiesis (the production of red blood cells). 6. Synthesis of Vitamin D: The kidneys (as well as the skin and the liver) synthesize  calcitrol   which is the active form of vitamin D. 7. Excretion of waste products and foreign substances: The kidneys hel p to excrete waste products and foreign substance from the body by forming urine (for release from the body). Examples of waste products from metabolic reactions within the body include  ammonia  (from the breakdown of  amino acids),  bilirubin  (from the breakdown of haemoglobin), and  creatinine  (from the breakdown of creatine phosphate in muscle fibres). Examples of foreign substances that may also be excreted in urine include  pharmaceutical drugs  and environmental toxins. Functions of the Ureters: 1. There are two ureters, one leading from each kidney to the urinary bladder. Each of these  transports  urine from the renal pelvis of the kidney to which it is attached, to the bladder (see diagram on the page about  components of the urinary system). . Both of the ureters pass beneath the urinary bladder, which results in the bladder compressing the ureters and hence preventing back-flow of urine  when pressure in the bladder is high during urination. This prevention of back-flow is important because when it is not operating correctly cystitis, which is inflamma tion of the ureter / urinary bladder, may develop into a kidney infection. Functions of the Bladder: 1. The purpose of the urinary bladder is to store urine prior to elimination of the urine from the body. 2. The bladder also expels urine into the urethra by a process called  micturition  (also known as urination). Micturition involves the actions of both voluntary and involuntary muscles. Lack of voluntary control over this process is referred to as incontinence. Functions of the Urethra: 1. The urethra is the passageway through which urine is discharged from the body. 2. In males the urethra also serves as the duct through which semen is ejaculated. Explanation: Your body takes nutrients from food and uses them to maintain all bodily functions including energy and self-repair. After your body has taken what it needs from the food, waste products are left behind in the blood and in the bowel. The urinary system works with the lungs, skin, and intestines—all of which also excrete wastes—to keep the chemicals and water in your body balanced. Adults eliminate about a quart and a half of urine each day. The amount depends on many factors, especially the amounts of fluid and food a person consumes and how much fluid is lost through sweat and breathing. Certain types of medications can also affect the amount of urine eliminated. * Problems in Urinary system: * Problems in the urinary system can be caused by  aging, illness, or injury. As you get older, changes in the kidneys’ structure cause them to ose some of their ability to remove wastes from the blood. Also, the muscles in your ureters, bladder, and urethra tend to lose some of their strength. You may have more urinary infections because the bladder muscles do not tighten enough to empty your bladder completely. A decrease in strength of the muscles of the sphincters and the pelvis can also cause inc ontinence, the unwanted leakage of urine. Illness or injury can also prevent the kidneys from filtering the blood completely or block the passage of urine. * Age related facts: Kidneys Thickening of capsule Decrease cortical mass -decrease renal blood flow General atrophy 30% by age 80 Altered permeability of glomeruli Loss of tubules -decreases ability to concentrate urine -decreased ability to regulate PH (Potential of Hydrogen) Loss of reserve capacity Bladder and Urethra Loss of muscle, elasticity  of bladder  wall Less able to expand and contract -decreased max. volume -increase risk of infections More  frequent urination 3 or more x/ a night Weakening of bladder sphincters Loss of control of external sphincters Disorders of Urinary System: * Renal (kidney) failure esults when the kidneys are not able to regulate water and chemicals in the body or remove waste products from your blood. Acute renal failure (ARF) is the sudden onset of kidney failure. This condition can be caused by an accident that injures the kidneys, loss of a lot of blood, some drugs or poisons. ARF may lead to permanent loss of kidney function. But if the kidneys are not seriously damaged, they may recove r. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the gradual reduction of kidney function that may lead to permanent kidney failure, or end-stage renal disease (ESRD). You may go several years without knowing you have CKD. * Prostatitis 1. Bladder 2. Normal Prostate Gland 3. Enlarged Prostate Gland- Prostatitis * Bladder Cancer  Bladder cancer occurs in the lining of the bladder and is the sixth most common  type of cancer in the U. S. Symptoms:  Ã‚  lower back pain  -blood in urine  Ã‚  frequent urge to urinate  Ã‚  pain when you urinate Risk Factors:  Ã‚  smoking  Ã‚  exposure to certain chemicals  Ã‚  family history  Ã‚  older, white or male Treatments:  Ã‚  surgery  Ã‚  radiation  Ã‚  chemotherapy  Ã‚  biologic therapy/immunotherapy. Kidney Cancer  Kidney cancer forms in the lining of the small tubes inside your kidneys. Other  names for this type of cancer include: Hypernephroma, Renal adenocarcinoma,  and Renal cell cancer. Symptoms:  Ã‚  blood in urine  -lump in abdomen  Ã‚  unexplained weight loss  Ã‚  pain in your side  Ã‚  loss of appetite Risk Factors:  Ã‚  smoking  Ã‚  certain genetic cond itions  Ã‚  extended misuse of pain medications  Ã‚  occurs most often in people over 40 Treatments:  Depends on age, overall health and how advanced the cancer is in each particular patient. It can include:  Ã‚  surgery  Ã‚  radiation  Ã‚  chemotherapy  Ã¢â‚¬â€œÃ‚  biologic therapy/immunotherapy

We Rely on All the Four Ways of Knowing free essay sample

Logic facilitates us to understand more about what our belief’s mean, and shows how clearly we can express them. Throughout the period logicians have discovered two different types of reasoning; inductive and deductive reasoning. Inductive reasoning is the use of scientific principles to draw the most probable conclusion from evidence. Inductive reasoning usually derives from observations and generalisations are made about the unobserved. However, because it is based on observations, it can be biased to the person therefore it might not be concrete knowledge and it might be subjective. Deductive reasoning is the use of necessary inference to draw sure conclusions from premises. Since its premises determine the validity of the form, therefore the argument is dependent upon the validity of the form of the argument and the truth of the premise. Thus the only weakness of deductive reasoning is the truth-value of its premises. Mathematics, which is one of the major areas of knowledge, is a subject that seems to charm and alarm people in equal measure. We will write a custom essay sample on We Rely on All the Four Ways of Knowing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Mathematics in fact seems to give us more certainty than other areas of knowledge. And it said to be purely based on reasoning. Without reasoning, mathematics will not work. Is this true? When you reason formally, you begin with axioms. Mathematics is based on axioms. Axioms are based on assumption however the axioms of mathematics were considered to be self-evident truths, which offer a firm foundation for mathematics knowledge. There are four requirements for a set of axioms; they should be consistent, independent, simple and fruitful. Solving mathematical equations require logical thinking. Thus reason is an important aspect in math. Without reason, one will not be able to proof and explain the result to a particular mathematical equation however, when put into real life situation, reasoning will need to be evaluated due to other circumstances for example A mathematician will agree that the result of the equation above will always be two. Logically, when based on the axioms of math, 1+1 will never be equal to 4 or 5, thus making reason as a strong justification for math problems. However, one can argue that in real life situations, the two apples will not always be there. Imagine 100 years later, throughout time, the apples will rot away and therefore 1 + 1 will not always equal to two. When one uses reason as a justification for the present, reasoning may be seen as strength. However, when we attempt to evaluate the future and the aftermath of a situation, reasoning might not be one of the strongest ways of knowing, as shown from the example above. Therefore we could say that reasoning can be said as a misleading aspect when one ignores other circumstances, such as time. Although many say that math is based on reasoning, this is untrue, because math also utilizes axioms, therefore it is not strictly reasoning, but also on an assumption. Reasoning can also be applied to ethics. The ethical dilemma of abortion makes complete sense; when you don’t want something, you get rid of it. If you are against abortion; this means that you feel uncomfortable in taking other people’s lives. The reason behind this, might link to individual’s emotions. The emotions that speak to some, the guilt that one would feel when experiencing an abortion would prove it is unethical. Through the belief of against abortion, we assume that murder is wrong with no exceptions. However, to those who believe that abortion is ethical, one can reason that since the foetus is not developed yet, no soul will be abolished. Therefore abortion is ethical because women have the right to decide their own choices of maternity. For example, if we take the case of rape, and assume that the woman is impregnated. But the mother of the child is against abortion, and decided to give birth to this child. However, if we consider the fact that the mother of the child is incapable physically or economically to have a child, we can argue that reasoning may be a disadvantage; because it will not benefit both the mother and the child. However, the fact that the mother is unwilling to choose abortion might be caused by her emotion. There was a woman that I know and had this situation. She believes in premarital sex yet often practices it without safety. In this context, reasoning can be seen as a weakness because she reasons that due to the existence of abortion, it was acceptable for her to practice unsafe sex. At the end she was impregnated twice and chose to abort for both. Abortion was used weakly as a choice and therefore suggests that reasoning can lead to flawed decisions. Torture can also be applied to reasoning. For example, in the case of terrorism, is it ethical to torture one person in order to get information of the killing of the bombing of 1000 people? Some people might say it is ethical. Therefore these people will agree that there isn’t any problem in hurting one human being, and by torturing this person that we assume to be the terrorist, society can benefit it as this person would give the truth and will save 1000 people. However, there is a dilemma of the value of a soul. Although one is a terrorist, but who decides that one’s life is definitely less valuable than 1000 souls? When dealing with human’s lives, one cannot play God by making assumptions and decisions on which soul is to save, torture or ‘let go’. Moreover, one of the purposes of torture was to reveal the truth by putting the targeted person in pain. However, that will not always be the case. We do not know that the terrorist is saying the truth or whether he has immense belief in what he does rather than his life, therefore leading to give â€Å"false confessions†[1]. From this, we can clearly see that if we apply reason in torture, reason might not always works and it does not give us certainty. Art is exceedingly subjective and personal, even though emotions tend to play a bigger role in art as they communicate one’s reaction to his perceptions and this will create his own thoughts regarding this artwork within him. However, some might also say that reasoning can be used in the knowledge of art due to the abstractness of art, one can always see the relation of art. Another reason that reasoning can be applied to the knowledge of art is because it can be seen through the illusions in art. For example, in the picture of the young/old lady above, one instantaneously see a young lady, however, through reasoning one is able to see the young lady’s ear as old lady’s eyes and the young lady’s face as old lady’s nose. Thus one is able to see the old lady. However, the counter argument to this knowledge is that in comparison to emotion, reason may not be the strongest ways of knowing, in determining the knowledge of art. I heard this song called â€Å"never felt this way† by Bryan McKnight. And I was certain that it was a heartbreaking song. And since art is viewed from our personal perspective, and that art is subjective, therefore my beliefs became my knowledge. When I listened to this song again while reading the lyrics to find the meaning of this song, I realized that my belief is wrong, it was instead a love song; where the artist expressed how much this relationship means to him. This is evident to the lines such as: â€Å" darlin, Never felt so good. Never felt this way about lovin, it feels so good†. However, my emotions implied to me that it was a depressing song. I believed that the beat and the melody of this song had provoked me and came to such conclusion. Although my reasoning told me that this song was not sad, my emotions designated that it was so, and I was taken over by my emotions. Therefore, we can say that in determining the knowledge of art, reason is not the strongest way of knowing to use although reason gives some certainty but only within the reach of your own thoughts. And in this case, emotion is more reliable instead. In conclusion, although in one hand reasoning had its disadvantages, as reason can be taken over by other ways of knowing; such as emotion, and from the examples above, emotion can take over reason because usually in a situation there’s always a logical and emotional solution and usually the emotion wins, this is evident through my example on abortion. However, reason is one of the most certain because when we apply reason in a situation, we will be able to see a bigger picture of this situation, and this is evident through my examples from the illusion picture on art. Bibliography: Websites: †¢ http://samaralansari. blogspot. com/2006/11/samars-ib-tok-essay_15. html date accessed 11th November 2008 †¢ http://www. h4x3d. com/feat/themes/red-apple. jpg date accessed 11th November 2008 †¢ http://www. jokes123. com/picturejokes/picjokes6/bigimages/Lady_illusion. jpg date accessed 11th November 2008 †¢ http://www. azlyrics. com/lyrics/brianmcknight/neverfeltthisway. html date accessed 15th November 2008 †¢ http://andrewsullivan. theatlantic. com/the_daily_dish/2007/10/imaginationland. tml date accessed 22nd December 2008 Books: †¢ Theory of knowledge for the IB Diploma by Richard van de Lagemaat, first published in 2005 and reprinted in 2006; Cambridge †¢ Theory of knowledge by Nicholas Alchin, published in 2002, by John Murray; London Word Count: 1587 [1] Andrew Sullivan http://andrewsullivan. theatlantic. com/the_daily_dish/2007/10/imaginationland. html May 09 Theory of Knowledge essay 08 Fall Evaluate the streng ths and weaknesses of reason as a way of knowing + =

idustry essays

idustry essays The European scene at the beginning of the eighteenth century is much different than it is today. Densely populated cities in countries such as England and France were merely farm towns two hundred years ago. What caused what used to be cultivated open fields to turn into populous towns? These question can all be answered and explained by the Industrial Revolution. The word revolution implies a suddenness of change that is not, in fact, characteristic of economic processes. But the phrase Industrial Revolution has long been used by historians and has become embedded in common speech (Ashton 2). A revolution implied by historians is just a change of the old way, not necessarily a fast change, or a violent overthrow. Englands Industrial Revolution does not have set dates. It is said that Englands Industrial Revolution began around 1780 with Britains prosperous colonies and expanding Atlantic economy. Some critics claim that there wasnt an industrial revolution, and some challenge the naming of the period. In Phyllis Deanes book, The First Industrial Revolution, she outlines three main points in which an economy which experienced an industrial revolution differs from its pre-industrialized counterpart. This essay will use Deanes three main points and prove that there was a revolution and the timing and naming are all appropriate. In Deanes book, the first point is industrial and social structure. In spite of the urban development associated with commerce and industry, the population of Europe was still predominantly rural in 1750. Agriculture was the chief occupation of the overwhelming majority of the people. Each family raised their own food and the materials for their clothing, such as wool, linen, and leather, and secured materials for building, furniture, and fuel from the communal waste or forest (Dietz 12). By 1850, Britain was certainly industrialized in ...

ACCOUNTING AND FINANCE Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

ACCOUNTING AND FINANCE - Assignment Example This form of packaging was chosen because of the sterilisation process which it has to undergo. One writer states â€Å"In canning sterilization processes, the product is sealed in a metal container and then treated thermally in order to destroy all pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms. This sequence of operations does not allow recontamination of the product after thermal treatment, and, as a result, it remains shelf-stable for a long period of time.† Healthy Drinks & More is a small business and we have to ensure that our product is tamper proof. The other types of containers do not carry that assurance. The writer further states: â€Å"they can be sealed hermetically; they provide excellent protection from gases, moisture, microorganisms, rodents, and insects; they are stackable, tamper-proof, and relatively inexpensive; and, in general, they can be thermally processed.† The marginal costing statement shows the marginal cost of producing BLASS. That is, what it would cost to produce one extra can of â€Å"BLASS†. Unlike some other marginal costing statement the cost of direct material and direct labour are combined because we have outsourced the production of the drink and we were not able to receive a breakdown of the cost. The total cost of direct materials and labour is  £1 per tin. The 250 ml cans are to be sourced by us at a cost of 20p per tin (inclusive of design), for a minimum order quantity of 100,000 cans. We chose to provide the cans so that we could exercise some level of control over how they are used, while ensuring that they do not get into the wrong hands. Fixed costs relate to administration salaries, depreciation of fixed assets and rental of office space to carry out administrative functions. The breakeven table (in Appendix 2) shows information on variable cost, which is described as direct costs of

The Fold Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Fold Theory - Essay Example Deleuze finds the existence of the soul in the body; however, since there is no way for the exiting of the same, he justifies the statements made by his predecessor philosophers’ opinions regarding the place of the soul in the upper dark chamber of the body, diversified by folds, i.e. the mind. Deleuze also cites Focillon, where he submits to state that the latter viewed Baroque Gothic as the birth of the mystical experience, which is actually the long voyage of the soul within various parts of the vast and endless universe. Hence, the body remains confined to one specific zone or area, where it is actually present, while soul seeks no limits and boundaries for traveling and can reach everywhere it wants to move. On the contrary, the body remains silent to some extent and requires permissions and efforts in order to change its place. Deleuze declares Leibniz as the first philosopher to define and elucidate the mystical and mathematical dimensions in his work. He also states th at the world is made up of monads and divergent series, which can be compared to the folds. Consequently, it can be examined by keeping in view the infinity of pleats and creases of unified and dispersed matter. Deleuze has also discussed plastic forces in an analytical manner by presenting the examples of organism or living matter, where artificial is always inferior to the real one. It is because of the very fact that plastic cannot perform altogether in such a way as the living matter, though it is more machinelike than mechanical.

Socrates Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Socrates - Term Paper Example Therefore, he decided to take up his punishment and not attempt to escape. One argument that Socrates used in accepting his punishment was his contention that Athenian laws had a parental authority over the inhabitants of Athens. Sans these laws, Socrates as a man would not have been who he was and would not even have been born. "In the first place did we not bring you into existence? Your father married your mother by our aid and begot you" (Plato 53). It is through these laws that he was raised and trained for Greek life. Socrates claims that these laws, which possess the charges educations, were right to command their fathers to train their sons in gymnastics and music. He continues his argument by establishing that Athenian laws have a parental authority over Athenian citizens. Socrates claims, â€Å"since you were brought into the world and nurtured and educated by us, can you deny that you are a slave and child as your fathers were?† (Plato 53). Crito poses an ethical di lemma in one of his arguments that sought to convince Socrates to escape. He contends that if he stays, he will be helping his persecutors in unjustly harming hi, which would make his staying an unjust one. In addition, he was also abandoning his children to a fatherless future (Plato 51). Socrates argues against this by explaining to Crito the Athenian law and the way he viewed it as one entity. He contended that breaking of one of these laws amounted to breaking all laws; he explains that Athenian citizens are bound to law just as a child is bound to his father. He poses an almost metaphysical sort of social contract that, instead of breaking the law and escaping, he should argue his case rationally and hope he would be treated justly before the court. Socrates contends that he had been found guilty and was to be put to death. It was essential to see it as right and just because he had seen what the law had done until that point and it had been right and just. It was his belief th at if he broke the law, it would be unjust, and he would have failed in his duty. Socrates identity as an Athenian defined his personality, and he would never be welcomed in any other civilized society if he broke Athenian law. It was Socrates belief that if he should break the law of Athens, then the underworld would judge him harshly, losing his soul. This dialogue with Crito comes across like an ancient and Athenian propaganda for the city-state of Athens. Socrates assumes the position that he is the custodian of the law and the city of Athens. Socrates claims that he is not on talks that are equal footing with Athenian law, and he does not have the right to work against it through saving his own life and running away. In this dialogue, Socrates claims, â€Å"Is your wisdom such as not to realize that your country is to be honored more than your mother, your father, and all your ancestors, which it is more to be revered and sacred. It counts for more among the gods and sensible men that you must worship it, yield to it, and placate its anger more than your father’s?† (Plato 54). Therefore, practically, the argument put across by Socrates is that Athens is a sacred city that citizens must always obey and that the citizens must never leave it. In his dialogue with Crito, Crito attempts to convince him to go into exile, which Socrates refuses. He contends that he is too old and is not resentful of death, believing that he has no right to

A Nestlé Company Research

A Nestlà © Company Research ABSTRACT Our group has decided to choose Nestlà © Company for our research. Our study was to do a research on Nestlà © Company in general view because it would provide us with wide range of topic for example what is their favourite Nestlà © products, why the like Nestlà © products, what is their opinion on the company and others. The research would be based on information from the internet, questionnaire and interview. The questionnaire and interview was done at Tunku Abdul Rahman College in Setapak. For questionnaire and interview, all of us had decided to choose 50 students from year two Diploma in Business Administration (2DBU) students. Our key findings showed a very positive response on Nestlà © products and its brands. The results had showed that the 50 students trusted the Nestlà © Company very much. They have become a fan of the Nestlà © products over the years. Even though there was one student who was not interested with Maggi but she did like their other products and did tru sted the company. So, it was conclude that the research was satisfying because most students really liked the products so much and are a very loyal customer to Nestlà ©. They had used the products in quite long time. INTRODUCTION Background The history of Nestlà © began in Switzerland in 1867. Henri Nestle, the pharmacist had discovered nutrition food supplement to overcome the problem of malnutrition. He helps an infant who was unable to accept his mothers milk by using his product called Farine Lactee Nestlà ©. He then saves the life of the infant. Henri used his surname, which means little nest, in both company name and the logotype. Nestle means little nest which symbolises security, family and symbol of companys care and attitude to life-long nutrition. Nestlà © success with its product innovations and now has turned into world leading Food Company. Today, more than 5000 employees work in Nestlà © Company. The Nestle Company also produce more than 300 HALAL products in Malaysia such as the brand Milo, Maggie, Nescafe and Kit Kat have been trusted by household names and enjoyed for generation today. Nowadays, Nestle products are sold in every country in the world. Purposes The objective of this report is to study about Nestlà © Company in general profile. Do research on Nestlà © products and with respondents to provide opinion on Nestlà © and some improvement or suggestion. Besides, is to investigate and analysis the Nestlà © Company SWOT analysis (Strength, Weakness, Opportunities, threat). This proposal aims to provide recommendation on improvement Nestlà © products and how can Nestlà © Company satisfied their customers needs. Scope The report investigates the general profile of Nestlà © products preference by Tunku Abdul Rahman College students from Business Administration (DBU 2) only. The other Tunku Abdul Rahman campus branches are not included in this report. It focuses on Nestlà © product and how consumers think about it. They were only 50 students to survey for this report. This recommendation is to improve Nestlà © products and satisfied customer needs. If long-term solution, suggested to do more health science research to develop more nutrition level of the food. Findings from Internet Nestlà © Company owns several brands in their product such as junior food, coffee, beverages, culinary product and others as well. The brands include Milo, Nescafà ©, Nestum, Maggi and many more. Based on the Nestlà ©s sales report, MILO, Coffee mate and Nescafà © are the best products sells. Culinary product like Maggi is the following best sells. Most of the people like to drink Milo or Nescafà © at the morning as their breakfast drinks. Nowadays, there are many choices in Milo. More choices are provided to obtain their customers need. Now, Nestlà © is promoting their new product such as Milo Sejuk, Mat Kool Spiro and others to attract their customers. Many people like to buy Nestlà © Companys product because their brands are trusted. Besides that, Nestlà © Company also provides wellness quiz and tools for their beloved customers, for example BMI Calculator and Waist Hip Ratio. When using these tools, everyone can easily check for their body weight whether is standard, underweight or overweight. After that, when you know your body weight, you can control or maintain your body weight by increase your food intake or maintain your diet. Every Nestlà ©s product has a simple device called Nestlà © Nutritional Compass. It provides the product information clearly. This can help us to make healthier choice when buying their product. Apart from that, Nestlà © also provide an app to help those who are not very well in cooking. The app provides step by step cooking guide for the users. There are many recipes provide for example how to bake honey chicken, how to cook Tom Yam fried rice, how to make Chocolate Milo and others more. For those who are interest can easily try it out. It is simple to do it by just follow the pr ocedure given by. Nestlà © research and development adapt to local consumers trend in lifestyle, culture and purchasing power. (Nestlà ©, Consumer Needs) This characteristic of consumer make Nestlà © research and development more understand about customer needs and to make new products. Besides it also do nutrition research to increase the nutrition level and tasty products. It makes all products standardise and safety to be consume. Nestlà © Company offer great career opportunities for those who interested with expertise skill and be competent for those who wish to excel in their careers. Nestlà © company also provide rewarding career and further develop to who want work in Nestlà © company. Next, Nestlà © set the principle to organize their organization, and how to treat each other. The principle set by Nestlà © Companys Trust, Respect, Involvement and Pride, its motivates them to run organization in successful way. Furthermore, Nestlà © company also provide training program Nestlà © Management Trainee program) to develop strength of employee. The Nestlà © Companys looking for applicant whose holder degree cert with minimum CGPA 3.2 and active in curricular activities. Program offer by Nestlà © such as position in marketing sales, supply chain, human resource and more. Findings from Sales Table 1: Sales of Nestle Product in Year 2011 Source:Nestle:http://www.nestle.com/Common/NestleDocuments/Documents/Library/Documents/About_Us/Quick-Facts-2011-EN.pdf According to Nestlà © company sales, the higher sales are powdered and liquid beverages with 18,204 sales. The products with high demanded which are Milo, Nescafà ©, and Nestea. The lower sales are mineral water at 6,526 sales. The sales of milk and Ice cream are 16,406. The products are Nestlà © NIDO, Nestlà © Coffee-mate, Nestlà © Ice cream and Dreyers. Nutrition and healthcare products have an average of sales compare to the higher sales with the sales of 9,744. Nutrition and healthcare products is such as, Nestlà © Nutrition, Nestlà © NAN, and Nestlà © Gerber. In addition, prepared dishes and cooking aids are like Maggi, Hot pockets, and Lean cuisine with 13,933 sales. The confectionary products like Kit Kat, Milo choco bar and Nestlà © Crunch with the sales of 9,065. The PetCare products have the sales of 9,764. For example products like Purina, Friskies and Dog Chow. The total sales of all Nestlà © products are 83,642 in 2011 year. The sales of 2011 have decrease 9,37 3 of sales from 2010. Findings from Nestlà © Company SWOT analysis (Strength, Weakness, Opportunities, Threats) The Strength of Nestlà © Company is having been a trusted Company over 100 years of history. Penetrate the market share easily in the early stage, because the price for the product is low and now the Nestlà © market share price is high at 54.100. Nestlà © products mix with many extensions of product lines that provide high quality brand and product that are well-known and top selling brands. For example Nestlà © brands are Milo, Maggi, Kit-Kat, Nescafà © and Hà ¤agen-Dazs. Research and development (RD) is one of the strength to Nestlà ©, it helps develop new products. Besides it helps to improve the nutrition level, taste, and safety to be consumed. However, the weakness is Nestlà © entering into the markets that are already mature and can have tough competition between competitors in the market. The complex supply chain management usually happens in rural place such as India. The factory require good working environment, hygiene and so it can produce good quality products. High distribution cost because not all product are manufacture at the country. In addition, the opportunities for Nestlà © is the company can expand their product line such as new Milo sejuk by differentiate the product. Besides it have the opportunity expand to smaller town or geographical area. It opportunity for Nestlà © is lower cost of raw material and produce product that is cheaper. Since cost is lower the manufacturer is mostly located in Asia country such as India for manufacturing goods. The Threats is Nestlà © Company has many competitors to be competing in the market. For example company like Kraft food, Hershey, Ovaltine, and Cadbury. The Changing consumer trend in products due to launch new products by competitor. Existing competitor may take over Nestlà © consumer by increasing the product lines and by giving customers the variety of choosing the products and it threatening to Nestlà ©. Nestlà © also need to follow local policy that made by governments to produce certain products or goods. Findings from interview Our group has conducted the interview on 10 students. Based on our findings, we have found out that most students have been using Maggi and Milo for so many years. Three students have been using the product for 19 years and two students have been using the product for 15 years. In addition, four students have been using it for 18 years which was the highest based on our findings. All the students have said in the interview that they like these product so much because they had been using it since they were little such as product like Milo. They like both of this product because of its taste which all of them will describe it as very tasty and delicious. Furthermore, one student describes the taste as fantastic. These students said that Maggi was convenience because it only takes about 5 minutes to prepare and usually if they already hungry they will make Maggi to eat. Besides that, it is an instant noodle that tastes good. Moreover, they also felt these product are wonderful because i t was easy to find and both of it satisfy their taste bud. Then, one student has been using these products for 3 years only. He did like the products but not too much. In addition, we found out that Milo was the highest product that they will buy because most of them like the taste of Milo. Meanwhile, a student said it was good to drink Milo for breakfast. Plus, they have been drinking Milo since they were little. Nescafà © was the second highest product they will buy. Most of them agree with the taste of Nescafà © which was tasty to drink not like some other coffee. Then, the third highest product was Kit Kat. They described Kit Kat as one of their favourite chocolate to eat because it was delicious. This is due to the taste of it which is sweet. Maggi was at fourth because of it taste and also easy to prepare for it. At fifth was ice-cream by Nestlà ©. The students like the taste of the ice-cream which was very sweet and has many flavours that they could choose from. Furthermore, some like to eat ice-cream because to cool down their body. The last product was Coco Crunch because it is a healthy cereal food to eat for breakfast. But, one person said that she will buy Nestle products depends on her needs. This is because she also likes products from other brands. Besides that, all of the students found that the nutrition information very informative. Moreover, most of them found the nutritional information helpful because it let you knew about the nutrient contains in the Nestlà © product. So, they knew how much protein, vitamin and fibre consumed by them when they eat the Nestlà © product. Plus, they also would notice what type of fat and how much does it contain in the product. In addition to that, they can monitor what types of product provide the best or good nutrients for them because they needed a lot of energy. Then, we found out most students have no complaint about Nestlà © products so far except for one student only that have a complaint. Most of them really like the products. As we could see clearly throughout the interview they had become a fan of Nestlà © products for so many years. Some student agree that the Nestlà © product was quite good compared to other brands that already been in the market. Moreover, a student said it was hard for other brands to compete with Nestlà © because Nestlà © have been producing many of good quality products in the market for so many years. Then, they have no problem with the Nestlà © products and its brands. They had been using the products for so many years and did not face any problem. The products by Nestlà © are great so they dont have anything to complaint about. But there was one student who thinks Maggi was bad. She said that it was not good for your health to be consumed often. If there is any severe case then this will threaten the Ne stlà © Company. Besides that, we also found out that most of them wanted Nestlà © to produce more products and give more choices in the market. Some of them said they could make new flavour for yogurt and ice-cream. Furthermore, they all wanted Nestlà © to lower the price of their product. So, it will be easier for them to buy the product in daily basis. Then, some said that Nestlà © could improve their product quality by following the current demand in the market and see the feedback from the market and customer. Plus, they wanted Nestle to do more promotion on their products for students so they could buy it. They also said that Nestlà © could give free gifts to their customer when they purchase the products. This could help retain their customers. Findings from Survey/Questionnaire Out of the 50 respondent from DBU year two students who took questionnaire, 49 of they satisfied with Nestlà © product and they believe that Nestlà © is trusted company because they were in market over 100 years and produce more good quality products. Besides that, Most of them agreed that it is an affordable price but yet some said that they are very expensive. According to our respondent, some said product of Nestlà © cant be consumed by every range of ages and as they give reason that coffee product is not suitable for children. Moreover, the latest product MILO SEJUK as came to many peoples mine and yet most of them said it is delicious and few of them said it is not delicious. The respondent claims that it is easy to purchase Nestlà © product at any store such as supermarket and grocery shop. In addition, we notice that the respondents are very often purchasing Nestlà © product. Lastly, There are suggestion from some student to do more promotion should be held on to increas e customers awareness and purchasing rate until its become the households brand in the market mainly. Table 2: Source from questionnaire below shows student DBU year twos most preference on Nestle product and what DBU year two student thoughts on Nestle products are. CONCLUSION The problems faced the consumer in Nestlà © Company Product is mainly on their nutritional. From our internet research we realise that many people complains about the nutrition. The first problem is nutrition for elderly, we notice that it is a large extent by a person diet and also their nutrition consumption. By taking an improper nutrition and unbalanced nutria diet can increase the risks to have disease. Secondly, Children obesity caused mainly because their consuming to much chocolate and confectionary, taking a lots of chocolate cause them to have disease in early ages. Lastly, in our research we realise that Nestle is producing less energy drinks. RECOMMENDATION Based on our research, we will like to recommend to Nestlà © to produce more products that are suitable for older people such as protein milk and cereal with necessary nutrition where every older people can make it as their daily use and also they should produce some organic product to whom are very health conscious so it can be a healthy snack. Since children obesity is increasing, Nestlà © can produce a chocolate bar with less sugar so that obesity will not increase. Moreover, Nestlà © should produce more energy drink that is suitable for all ranges such as students and people that is active in their daily life.

View of the World From Different Ages :: English Literature Essays

View of the World From Different Ages In the story of the Bear the young boy was not allowed to join the hunt until he was ten years old. He was taught all the stories and heard all the legends of the great bear with the crooked print his entire childhood and he knew all about the great bear everyone always was talking about. As people grow older they are maturing in ways to prepare them for life and all of the hardest tasks that will be put in front of them. This boy was told many stories of the bear, some of them had extreme exaggeration, and others didn’t. All the stories he heard were to help him when his time came to face the bear. When the boy had his first chance to go out on a hunting trip with the men the first thing Sam told him was â€Å"Be scared, you cant help that, but don’t be afraid. Ain’t nothing in the woods going to hurt you unless you corner it, or it smells that you are afraid. A bear or a deer, too, has got to be scared of a coward the same as a brave man has got to be.†(793) At the age of ten he was ready to shoot the bear, and yet he never had the chance to see it, because the bear knew the boy was a coward at the time and the bear knew he would shoot him because the boy did not yet respect him as the more experienced hunters did. The boy felt the bear and this taught him even more than he already knew about it from the stories he had been told. â€Å"He realized for he first time that the bear which had run in his listening and loomed in his dreams since before he could remember to the contrary and which, therefore, must have existed in the listening and dreams of his f ather and Major de Spain and even old General Compson, too, before they began to remember in their turn, was a mortal animal, and that if they had departed for the camp each November without any actual hope of bringing its trophy back, it was not because it could not be slain, but because so far they had no actual hope too.†(791) These kinds of things are what he was constantly being told and not that he felt the presence of the bear he realized that they were all true.

Crimes Essay

Crime prevention is a major responsibility of law enforcement organizations. It is necessary to promote and maintain peace and order to the community by executing measures that lessens or diminishes crime rates as impacted by lawbreakers in society. Several solutions bring about the decrease in crime rates in the community. These solutions do not only depend on the roles and responsibilities expected to be carried out by law enforcement agencies, but also require cooperation from the people in communities and the government. Crime prevention should be a group effort because the will to prevent crime is everyone’s concern. With this in mind, one possible solution for crime prevention is motivating the community to be vigilant and cooperative in responding to criminal offenses. Law enforcement agencies cannot prevent crime without the help of other members of the community. In this case, the roles of victims, witnesses, and whistleblowers are magnified. When victims, witnesses, and whistleblowers experience criminal offenses of any gravity or kind, they should report it to the police. This catches the attention of law enforcement agencies allowing them to respond to the situation in a timely and apposite manner. Aside from experiencing criminal offenses, people should be able to inform the police of concerns regarding potential offenses observed in the community. Staying one step ahead is better, and by informing the police of concerns or observations, law enforcement agencies are able to plan ahead to prevent crimes from happening. Another way to prevent crime is by being cautious or vigilant about oneself and his surroundings. People should take safety measures in order to protect themselves, their property, and other people from the harmful nature of offenses. This includes following tips on safety precautions as advised by the state, law enforcement agencies, and concerned citizens or private organizations (HCSO, 2008). Engaging in a joint effort by the neighborhood, such as the establishment of neighborhood watch groups, is also one possible way to reduce or eliminate crime. Crime prevention does not only necessitate cooperating with the police, but also with other members of the community. Neighborhood watch groups are composed of people from a neighborhood who are concerned with the community’s safety and are willing to provide assistance to law enforcement agencies for crime prevention. Through collaboration and teamwork, people in the neighborhood are able to counter crime by evaluating their neighborhood and determining what steps to take in order to increase peace and order in their area. (Solutions for America, 2003) Technology and innovation also play a major part in reducing or eliminating crimes committed by offenders in the community. Law enforcement agencies use information technology in order to prevent crime and capture offenders. Crime rates, data sheets, and other background information about crimes, criminals, usual victims, and environments where crimes take place, etc. re stored electronically in a database managed and maintained by law enforcement agencies. Through this system or database, law enforcement agencies are able to share or view this information whenever needed for reference when it comes to predicting criminals patterns of potential risks that may cause the rise in crime rate in a particular situation. (SCRA, 2008) Continuous research and innovative techniques are being employed by private organizations in order to improve technologies that are being used by law enforcement agencies. For instance, the National Law Enforcement and Corrections Technology Center or NLECTC is active in research and experimentation in order to improve the quality, features, and functions of law enforcement technologies, making them more suited for crime prevention and criminal capture. Since technology demands high fees, it is the role of the state or federal government to allocate funds for this cause because technological advancement improves the performance of law enforcement agencies. Using technology automates law enforcement work, making it more efficient and timely in crime prevention. SCRA, 2008) Some of the gadgets that law enforcement use that assists in reducing or eliminating crimes committed by offenders include lightweight body armors, drug-recognition tools (through pupil scanning), cars (such as the Lotus Exige S which increases road safety for police officers especially when in pursuit), gunshot location technologies (computer that supervises specific areas to detect gun shots), video intelligence softwares for computers (may be used in houses, business companies, etc. or surveillance purposes), LED Incapacitator (it is a flashlight which emits LED light that restrains individuals when they look directly at it), and armed robots (apparently, some robots are utilized by law enforcement agencies by arming it with taser guns. (Gizmag, 2008) Focusing on rehabilitating crime offenders is also a plausible way in preventing criminal offenses. Restorative Jus tice is one way of rehabilitating criminals in order to reintegrate them back into society. It includes motivating jailed offenders to contribute to the community as a form of penalty. Restorative Justice also focuses on restoring damages to the victim and the community as a result of criminal actions taken by offenders. As a way to pay for crime offenses committed by offenders, they should be able to take necessary actions to patch up the relationship between the victim and the community to the offender. Through the penalties imposed to criminals, they are able to learn how to become responsible and cooperative citizens who area belt to make the right decisions. Moreover, restorative justice eliminates recidivism because it provides offenders the chance to correct their mistakes and become a valuable and accountable part of society.

Blod Bank

BLOOD BANK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Software Requirements Specification 3rd Feb 2013 Prepared for BLOOD BANK Table of Contents Revision Historyii Document Approvalii 1. Introduction1 1. 1 Purpose1 1. 2 Scope1 1. 3 Definitions, Acronyms, and Abbreviations1 1. 4 References1 1. 5 Overview1 2. General Description2 2. 1 Product Perspective2 2. 2 Product Functions2 2. 3 User Characteristics2 2. 4 General Constraints2 2. 5 Assumptions and Dependencies2 3. Specific Requirements2 3. 1 External Interface Requirements3 3. 1. 1 User Interfaces3 3. 1. 2 Hardware Interfaces3 3. 1. 3 Software Interfaces3 3. 2 Functional Requirements3 . 2. 1 3 3. 2. 2 3 3. 5 Non-Functional Requirements4 3. 5. 1 Performance4 3. 5. 2 Reliability4 3. 5. 3 Availability4 3. 5. 4 Security4 4. Analysis Models4 4. 1 Sequence Diagrams5 4. 3 Data Flow Diagrams (DFD)5 4. 2 State-Transition Diagrams (STD)5 1. Introduction This SRS provides requirements and proposed solution of the Blood Bank Management System used in blood banks. This software works in a Client Server environment with the server storing the data and clients connecting to the server for all types of transactions.It will explain the purpose and features of the system, the interfaces of the system, what the system will do, the constraints under which it must operate, specific requirements and other supporting information. This document is intended for both the stakeholders and the developers of the system. This document is intended for developers, project coordinator, project guide, users and testers. The developer can use the document to view the analysis and design part, to understand requirements specification. The project coordinator can use this document to review the idea of project whether it is innovative and usable or not.The project guide can use this document to analyze and manage the flow of project development. The tester can use this document to get clear idea about system, to understand the exact input domain of system and to generat e respective test cases for the testing purpose. 1. 1 Purpose This Software Requirements Specification provides a complete description of all the functions and specifications of the Blood bank Management System software. The purpose of this document is to present a detailed description of the Blood Bank System. This document is useful for Blood Bank employees who use this system on the daily basis.This document will also serve as a reference to incorporate any changes made in the system to the future. It will also prove to be useful to the managerial staff which is responsible for the smooth functioning of the counter transactions that are performed on daily basis. This document is primarily intended to provide a detailed specification of the functional requirements for developers of the product. It also provides an overview of the product for the users. It will explain the purpose and features of the system, what the systems do and the constraints under which it will operate.This S RS document contains the complete software requirement for Post Office Transaction System and describes the design decisions, architectural design and the detail design needed to implement the system. It provides the visibility in the design and provides information needed for software support. 1. 2 Scope This software is used by System Administrator, Supervisor, Assistant and Lab technicians. The system is designed to provide user authentication by maintaining the user database which contains all the details of user along with login details such as username and password.Each user has a different level of operation for the authentication purpose. The solution will provide a well-organized and coordinated system where the blood and donor records are managed more efficiently with better security. The major goal of the system is to provide synchronized and centralized donor and blood stock database to the blood bank. It also improves the efficiency of blood stock management by alerting the blood bank administrator. System will provides traceability of donor in case of emergency. It also provides performance evaluation using report generation. 1. 3 Definitions, Acronyms, and AbbreviationsThis subsection should provide the definitions of all terms, acronyms, and abbreviations required to properly interpret the SRS. This information may be provided by reference to one or more appendixes in the SRS or by reference to other documents. 1. 4 References 1. www. bharatbloodbank. com 2. www. bloodbankindia. com 1. 5 Overview This document contains a brief history and insight into the problem as well as what the system is designed to do, the scope of the solution. It gives a brief summary of whom the system is targeted at, its capabilities, and its positioning in the device development process.It also explains requirements of the system and also where exactly the user and stakeholders are placed in the scheme of things. It elaborates on security issues, hardware and softwar e requirement and also the priorities of various functionalities. The document helps the user to understand the Blood Bank System. The first part of the document provides the purpose, objectives and scope of the proposed system. It includes important definition, the problem statement specify the needed details to avoid any kind of ambiguity from user’s perspective. The document also states the feature set and capabilities of the system.The document also highlights the feature of proposed system and the advantages over the existing system. The document also highlights the various issues, error handling and the modification to be done in the system. The document is helpful to the user as it gives them opportunities to state what they expect from the system. In addition, the hardware specification required for the system is also mentioned. The user can read the document and make sure that his machine is equipped to run the system to avoid any inconvenience The user should make u se of the document to understand the system better.The rest of this document provides a full description of the project for the blood bank. It lists all the functions performed by the system. It gives the details of each of the system functions and actions in full for the software developer’s assistance. It also gives the overview of the problems currently faced by the system and provides solutions for the same. 2. General Description The project deals with the problem of automated management system that is keeping track of the actual amount of blood stock in the blood bank and to minimize human errors.The solution will provide a well-organized and coordinated system for blood bank where the blood and donor records are managed more efficiently with better security and added automation functions in alerting the administrator when the blood quantity is below par level and about the expired samples. In addition, the administrator can also trace back the donor responsible in case of reactive sample in blood transfusion and blood screening result. This system also creates a convenient and paperless environment for the blood bank in managing donors and processing blood stocks.The registration time for old donor is shortened as the records are retrievable from the system. Also the performance evaluation is possible using report generation facility. 2. 1 Product Perspective This system keep the track of all the actual amount of the blood stock in the blood bank to minimize the human errors. 2. 2 Product Functions 1. System will also maintain Blood Stock records and Discard register. 2. System will provide levels of operators for authentication purpose. 3. System will provide an authentication form where the users will fill the details. 4.System will process the request of login. 5. System will check for the entered details in the login database. 6. If the entered username and password are valid then the system will grant access to the user else will display an error message. 7. System will provide five interfaces such as Testing Interface, Blood Stock Interface, Issue Interface, Donor Registration Interface and Statistics Interface. 8. Donor Registration Interface will take all the personal and medical details of donor and generate a unique id for each donor. 9. If the donor already has an id then will retrieve its details. 10.In Testing Interface, if the results are positive then discard register is updated with sample details. 11. If the results are negative Blood Stock Repository is updated with sample details. 12. In Blood Stock Interface, system will generate unique bag numbers for each product. 13. It will generate alerts when the blood quantity is below par level and about the expired samples. 14. The System will move expired sample details to discard register and update blood stock repository. 15. In Issue Repository, system will check blood stock repository for availability. 16. If stocks are available then system will place an i ssue order. 7. It will generate a label which includes bag number and details of sample. 18. In Statistics analysis, system will generate various reports. 19. The whole transaction of the blood will be recorded in a system 20. The software will perform the stock management & bill generation. 21. All the transaction of the blood will be updated within a small period of time. 22. The software will generate all the annual record of the blood bank.. 23. It will also maintain the record of the blood donor. 24. It will also maintain the record of the rejected blood and the rejection for the blood rejection. 2. User Characteristics The user must have the basic knowledge of the computer system. It is not necessary that the user must have the knowledge of the computer hardware. System administrator, supervisor, assistant and lab technicians. 2. 4 General Constraints * Blood bank employees ,donors 2. 5 Assumptions and Dependencies * The System will not allow any user with invalid username and invalid password. * The system should not provide administrative privilege to any customer. 3. Specific Requirements The systems should satisfy the below given requirements. 1. Operating System: Windows XP Professional 2.Database Management System (DBMS): MySQL 5. 0 3. Peer to peer connection. This can be done by connecting both the systems using a cross cable and giving different IP addresses to them. 3. 1 External Interface Requirements System Interfaces The systems should satisfy the below given requirements. 4. Operating System: Windows XP Professional 5. Database Management System (DBMS): MySQL 5. 0 6. Peer to peer connection. This can be done by connecting both the systems using a cross cable and giving different IP addresses to them. User Interfaces User Type| Intended Interaction| 1. DONOR REGISTRATION a. New donor b.Regular donor| * The system will take all the personal and medical details of donor and generate an unique id for the donor. * The system will take donors id a s input, validate it and retrieve all its details including last donations. | 2. Administrator Login | * This login page will take input as username and password from the administrator * The system will validate the inputs and provide access to the system with more privileges to system and administrator| Testing | * This will take the input as blood group, donor id, date of collection; test carried out and its result.If the test results are positive then sample details are moved to discard register otherwise to blood stock repository. | Blood stock| * It will take all the details of the samples including blood group, its product details, date of collection, date of preparation, date of expiry, result of testing and generate a bag number. * It will generate alerts when the blood quantity is below par level and about the expired samples. * The expired sample details are moved to discard register and removed from blood stock repository. | Issue| * It will take input as product name, qu antity, blood group and validate it with blood stock repository. If the stock is available then issue order will be placed. * It will generate a label which includes bag number, details of sample etc. | Statistics Display Page| * The administrator has access to this page. It displays all statistical data regarding the various issue orders placed, blood stock repository and testing screening. * Report generation. | 3. 5 Non-Functional Requirements Goal – To provide authentication to donors. Objective 1 – Create unique id for donor’s. a. Accept donor personal and medical information for new donors. b. Generate unique id for each donor.Objective 2 – Process authentication request. a. Accept donor id in case of regular donor. b. Retrieve donor’s profile. Goal – To manage Blood Stocks. Objective 1 – Process blood stock details. a. Accept product details like collection date, expiry date, blood group etc. b. Generates a unique bag number. O bjective 2 – Establish connection with Issue interface and testing interface. a. Validate stock details for issue. b. Update blood stock repository after testing is negative. Goal – To generate reports and label. Objective 1 – To generate report. a.Generate product statistics b. Generate yearly, monthly reports and provide it to the administrator. Objective 1 – To generate labels for issue. a. Generate labels for the issue order placed. b. Provide it to the customer along with the date of delivery 3. 5 Non-Functional Requirements 7. 1. 1 Availability * For the customers, the services available are: Registration as a donor, placement of issue order. * For the administrator, the services available are: Manipulation of databases, change the functionalities provided by the system and monthly and yearly reports generation. . 1. 2 Security * This system maintains consistency and security as the blood stock details can’t be modified by the administrator o r the other user. The system analyses the issue order placed by the customer and accordingly fulfills it. The system will also provide authentication by using username and password. * The donor’s database will have its own security to prevent unauthorized write/delete access. The donor’s details will not be disclosed while issuing. 3. 8 Logical Database Requirements The databases used by the system are * Donor database Blood stock database * Discard database * Account database User database: The purpose of this database is to store the required information of the donors and their id’s. This database will be used for traceability of donor. The donors will fill their information while registration. Their credentials will be saved in this particular database. Blood Stock database: This database is used to maintain blood stock information. It maintains the details of valid samples. Discard database: This database is used to store details of blood samples which have to be discarded.This will contain information of expired samples and those samples which reacted positively in testing screening. Accounts database: The purpose of this database is to store the account details regarding issue of blood sample and to maintain the history of all the previous transactions. This database will be used by the administrator so that he can calculate the total cost of the issue orders placed. Accessing capabilities: 1. Only administrator can set the role of users and their access capabilities 2. No user can access anything outside its accessing capability .

Lewinsky vs Clinton essays

Lewinsky vs Clinton essays Perhaps the biggest presidential scandal since the Nixon administration came to light in January 1998. This is when the now infamous Monica Lewinsky first appeared on our television sets. The American population did not know Ms. Lewinsky until the scandal broke. After the media was informed of the activities between President Clinton and Monica Lewinsky the little known woman was instantaneously the topic of conversation all over the world. The intention of this paper is not to figure out who was right or wrong in the scandal, the reasoning behind it is to show how the mass media shapes and implements our own ideas and opinions about people. Every opinion we have is somehow related to who and what we see around us. The way that these things are portrayed on television or in magazines influences our overall attitude towards them. In many situations we have only the media to rely on when learning about certain events. Sometimes you can check more than one source to get a diffe rent opinion, but more times than not the overall image generated by all media platforms of a person or event is very similar. In this sense it is very hard sometimes to get a fair perspective of the occurrences. The views that the American public has towards Bill Clinton and Monica Lewinsky have been directly affected by how the mass media portrayed each individual. Susan Douglas book Where The Girls Are is a reflection of just how controlling the mass media is over the opinions and ideas of the people that it reaches. Douglas talks about the ways in which the mass media forms an individuals character. She focuses on the effects that the media has on women as they grow-up in America. If this is true then perhaps Monica Lewinsky was shaped in such a way that she felt obligated to give in to the presidents wishes of having a relationship. After the scandal broke the media then proceeded to shape the publics opinion of Ms. Lewinsk...

Week 7 Conference Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Week 7 Conference - Essay Example Hemoglobin is the blood protein that transports oxygen (Cohen, 2013). Blood identification process gets referred to as ABO typing. The type of blood one has depends on the presence of blood proteins known as antigens in the red blood cells. The first step involves blood getting drawn from an individual and gets mixed with antibodies to determine the blood type (Cohen, 2013). The blood type gets determined on whether the blood agglutinates with the antibodies. The second step is called back typing where the liquid part of the blood gets mixed with blood that is either type A or B. Blood typing also gets carried out to determine the presence of rhesus factor on red blood cell surface. Jim got triaged in the resuscitation area. The staff present was a physician and two nurses. The physician who can be an M.D or D.O oversees the patient’s condition by conducting tests on the patient. The nurses administer the drugs to Jim as indicated by the physician. Aspirin got provided to Jim to act as an anticoagulant to prevent further clotting if possible. Morphine got provided to relieve pain or discomfort experienced by Jim. Nitroglycerine also gets provided to decrease blood pressure and increase blood flow by opening up blood vessels around the heart (Cohen, 2013). tPA gets provided to break down clots in the bloodstream around the heart. Principles of coronary bypass surgery: bring blood and oxygen to the heart muscle by creating a ‘bridge’ through a healthy artery. The blood passes over the blocked artery to ensure a normal blood flow down the blocked area. A heart attack refers to a situation where there is the occurrence of a sudden blockage in the coronary artery. This causes a stoppage of blood flow towards the heart muscle. This condition damages the heart muscle causing improper function of the heart. Heart failure implies that the heart’s pumping power is lower than normal (Cohen, 2013).